Abstract

Jews had to face racial discriminations and violence everywhere, where they lived for centuries. Under this circumstances revived the idea of back to the roots and an enlightenment in the Jews diaspora throughout Europe. Especially towards the end of the 19 th century came an idea of back to the zion into excistence under the Russian and East Euroean Jews, who had to live under severe living conditions. In the beginning this idea was on a spiritual level that showed itself in a systematic way of migration waves (Alias) towards

Palestine in practice. These migration waves played an important role in the foundation of Israel. Through the second migration wave came Founding Fathers of Israel to Palestine. These hardworking and idealist people started to prosper the soil of Palestine.

But these migrants worsened the traditional good relations between the Ottoman Government and Jews Community. Because the Ottoman Government worried about living a huge amount of Jews in its territory, who were the subject of the various European countries like France, England, Russia and Austro-Hungarian Empire. The efforts of Theodor Herzl to gain a homeland for the Jews in Palestine were strickly rejected by Sultan Abdülhamit II, who cared about not creating a second Bulgarian Issue for the Ottomans through these migrants. The friendly Ottoman policy towards the Jews migration in the era of the Joung Turks accelerated the antiturkish campaign in the Arab provinces of the Empire. But nevertheless it is hard to say that the Young Turks pursued a friendly policy on jews migration. One thing that must be stressed in this context, is that even the taken strict steps by the interiorminister Talat Pasha could not stop the migration of the Jews to the Holy Land.